Edgar Allan Poes Tell Tale Heart and Sir Arthur Conan...

Edgar Allan Poes Tell Tale Heart and Sir Arthur Conan Doyles The Adventure of the Speckled Band Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Edgar Allan Poe, both authors who are eminent for the content of their stories, wrote about crime. Though they invented stories concerning crime, they both wrote through different perspectives. This essay is going to compare how the characters of both stories, Tell Tale Heart written by Poe, and The Adventure of the Speckled Band written by Doyle, have been portrayed differently by their authors as well as exploring into the language style of the two stories. The historical backgrounds of both authors have influenced the way their stories are written. Poe was seen to have an unstable life as his†¦show more content†¦He died in Baltimore in 1849, due to drug overdose. Admittedly a failure in most areas of his personal life, he was recognized as an unusually gifted writer and was admired by Dostoevsky and Baudelaire, even if not always appreciated by many of his other contemporaries. Due to the changes in occupation and other factors, his stories tended to be more emotive than usual. Doyle was born in year 1859, in Edinburgh. He studied medicine at Edinburgh, but poverty as a medical practitioner made him turn to writing. In 1887, his first book, A Study in Scarlet introduced the vigilant, deductive Sherlock Holmes, his good-natured question-raising friend, Dr Watson, and the whole apparatus of detection mythology associated with Baker Street, Holmess fictitious home. This was well appreciated and the fact that his life was more stable compared to Poe, his stories tended to be not as emotive but logical. He decided to kill his main character, Sherlock Holmes, in 1901, but was compelled to revive him in 1903 due to the protest grounds breaking, and this showed how strong the detective story genre was. Doyle died in 1930. The main characters of The Case Of Identity, are Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson. Holmes is a detective who deciphers the cases submitted to him and is seen through the view of Watson, his ardent partner. Through out the story, Watson is

The Ticking Time Bomb By Ernest Hemingway - 1716 Words

William Wright Professor Hauptman English Composition II 06/17/2015 The Ticking Time Bomb Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American author who not only sculpted a foundation for many modern writers, but has a life story that is almost one of a fiction novel itself. Hemingway was born July 21, 1899 and died tragically July 2, 1961. It is the story in between those years that have made him the modern day legend that he is today. To name a few of his accomplishments he won a Nobel Prize in Literature, published seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fictions pieces. Some of his more famous works include â€Å"The Sun Also Rises†, â€Å"A Farewell to Arms†, and a short story often read in college, â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†. All this to say Ernest Hemingway was an incredibly gifted writer with a God given talent. He is discussed through-out the world in college classes and by many literary scholars. He is discussed in many different contexts anywhere from his historical significance to controversial life decision s. One topic that must not be over looked is a biographical criticism. The story from his creation to his self-destruction not only helps explain how and why he wrote what he did but also gives more insight to why his writings stood the test of time. Hemingway was born in Oak Park, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. His father was a physician and his mother a musician. Both were well-educated and played a major role in raising the successful writer that they did.

Why Foreign Aid Is Hurting Africa Free Essays

Benefield, Alicia February 14, 2013 INR3932-03 Paper 1 Why Foreign Aid is Hurting Africa In this article Dambisa Moyo, is arguing that money, in the form of aid given to African nations has not only trapped many of these nations in debt, but has started a cycle of corruption as well as slowed down economic growth and poverty. To solve this isuue Moyo suggests cutting off the flow of aid to these African nations. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Foreign Aid Is Hurting Africa or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many developed countries will gladly give aid to Africa, these countries do not give small donations they donate by the millions. This continued donation of aid has only been putting Africa further in debt. What many do not realize is that aid is not given to Africa freely, the African nations receiving aid must pay this money back plus interest. Moyo provided an example of this stating that â€Å"African countries still pay close to $20 billion in debt repayments per annum, a stark reminder that aid is not free. In order to keep the system going, debt is repaid at the expense of African education and healthcare† (Moyo, 2009). This is what is slowing down economic growth and keeping those countries in poverty. A country can not achieve econmic growth if its workforce is not educated, an uneducated workforce means the people in the country have little to no skills. Certain skills are required to get better jobs, if the people are not being adequately educated they will be forced to remain in a state of poverty. Healthcare is alo important, and the countries keep cutting the healthcare budget. If your workforce is not healthy enough to go out and work to spark the economy you can never expect to achieve economic growth. Education and healthcare budget cuts are not the only problems Moyo discussed that are keeping African nations from developing. Other issues include corruption in the government and developed nations supplying resources for free keeping African producers out of the market. According to the African Union, an organization of African nations â€Å"In 2002, it was estimated that corruption was costing the continent $150 billion a year, as international donors were apparently turning a blind eye to the simple fact that aid money was inadvertently fueling graft† (Moyo, 2009). This is because the donations are being given with â€Å"no strings attached† so the funds are being used for everything except what they were meant for, development. Political elites are using these funds to finace their own expidentures as well as financing their families and home life. The other problem is countries like the U. S. Implementing programs like the U. S. Food for Peace program, which buys American food and ships it overseas to African nations. This program is not helpful, it is a hinderance to Africas economic growth. By supplying American food for free, the U. S. is putting African farmers out of business. Moyo suggests that instead of purchasing American food, they U. S. ould purchase food from the African farmers to distribute to the African nations. Done this way the African farmers are benefitting from the program and are able to compete in the market. The opinions presented in this article relate to many of the concepts we have touched on in this course; views on poverty, the development, as well as the international aid system. The article opens up stating â€Å"A month ago I visited Kiberam the larget slum in Africa† (Moyo, 2009). When we hear the word slum, we perceive a negative connotation and relate this term with a place in poverty. We can see the inequalities between developed and undeveloped nations, according to the article â€Å"a mere 2% of the country’s population has access to mobile phones compared to a wireless survey that found 91% of Americans have access to cellphones (Moyo, 2009) (Forseman, 2010). This is a huge inequality African citizens are not even close to being equal to the technology avaliable to American citizens. Another concept this article discussed is development, Africa has been trying to become a developed nation for years and after receiveing billions in aid this country has yet to become a developed nation. The contry remaing in poverty is mainly because if the international aid system. This system continues to allow African nations to receive donations without the country even showing any signs of growth or development. This continuous acceptance of aid is keeping African nations in poverty. ‘ I agree with the author of this article in all of the arguments he gave on why foreign aid is hurting Africa. Developed countries are continously give large donations to the country year after year and there is no progress being made. However, I do not fault Africa for this lack of progress, they are only doing what any nation in their situation would do. They are continuously being given money and not required to put the money towards efforts to achieve economic growth, they know that the aid is not going to stop being donated so it is in their best interest to remain in a state of poverty and continue receiving aid. The countries donating to Africa are not providing the country with opportunitites to become a pro-market governnment because they are donating goods for free and taking African producers out of business. The politicians in Africa are not being closely watched and are not looking out for the social welfare of the country, but are looking out for themselves. Africa needs a more accountable government that is concerned about the people and the future of the country as well as their economy. Once these nations stop receiving aid, get better leaders, and African producers are able to tap into the market the country will be on the way to achieveing economic growth. Works Cited Foresman, C. (2010)Wireless survey: 91% of Americans use cell phones. [online] Available at: http://arstechnica. com/tech-policy/2010/03/wireless-survey-91-of-americans-have-cell-phones/ [Accessed: 15 Feb 2013]. Moyo, D. (2009) Why Foreign Aid is Hurting Africa . The Wall Street Journal, p. W1. How to cite Why Foreign Aid Is Hurting Africa, Essay examples

Accounting and Financial Reporting The Development Process

Question: Describe about the Accounting and Financial Reporting for The Development Process. Answer: The management of staff members is very much for an organization as they contribute their efforts to achieve the organizational goals. The employees should be provided with appropriate training, knowledge programs that help them to increase their efficiency as well as carrying out their tasks objectives. As per the Woolworths, the sustainable development process is being depicted for the purpose of the improvement of the organization performance and also it helps in indicating the appropriate staffs and the members. The key issues which are identified during the process of preparing the financial report depict the inefficiency of the staffs and the decrement of the production with the increment of the costs (Dauber, 2005). This key issue is being developed with indicating the appropriate enhancement of the [process with gaining the sustainable change management in the organization. AS per the Accounting standards of AASB, the accounting issues are being indicated which must be improved by the improvement of the education and the training among the staffs. The environmental challenges faced by the employees must e mitigated by the help of appropriate supply of the equipments and the care for the staffs. This thereby also helps in the improvement of the efficiency and also helps in mit igating the issues which helps in the enhancement of the agricultural concerns. The quality related issues are also indicated by the helps of the Accounting Standards and henceforth the attention for the mitigation of this type of problems must be made by the company (Horngren, 2013). Apart from this, the improvement of the company can be indicated by the enhancement of the security and the tenure with the help of which the decline in the number of sales is being depicted. Henceforth the above mentioned issues and are indicated with the mitigation process for the organization. The main challenge for the human resource department is to select right candidate for the right job. It is the responsibility of the managers and team leader to analyze and determine the needs of the employees which helps to motivate them towards their goals. The employees should also cooperate and follow the directions of their team leaders and managers in order to accomplish their task objectives effectively and efficiently (Industrialrelations, 2016). The staff members should also show their interest to learn new things and acquiring the knowledge and skill of new and advanced technologies. An appropriate flow of communication plays a significant role in establishing healthy relationships as well as coordinating to each other. The employees should be motivated through rewards, appreciation, opportunities and high wages. The employees should communicate their problems to their team leaders or managers and an effective coordination will help them to overcome from difficult situation s. The workplace safety is also very much important for an organization that should be evaluated by the safety managers (Oppermann, 2009). The workplace environment should be friendly in which the employees can perform effectively. References Dauber, N. (2005).2006 auditing standards. Australia: Thomson. Horngren, C. (2013).Accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Industrialrelations,. (2016).Managing_employees.Industrialrelations.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 13 December 2016, from https://www.industrialrelations.nsw.gov.au/oirwww/Employment_info/Managing_employees.page Oppermann, H. (2009).Accounting standards. Lansdowne: Juta.

Marketing Essays - Business, Marketing, , Term Papers

Marketing * Evaluate her strategy planning for her new business. >From her love to stay in Petosky; she started the carpet cleaning service by her saving money, and based on her experience when she worked part-time for Joel Bullard. Mr. Bullard has a very successful business at this small town, dominates this carpet cleaning service, and so far no one able to compete to him in quality, strong relationship with many loyalty clients. Jane Galloway try so hard in advertising, taking care of her customer's work but she still unable to reach her goal, $60,000/year. * Why was not she able to reach her goal of $60,000/year? The most important problem of Jane is she did not do any marketing research in potential need of customers, she tries to sell the service she has rather the customer need. First, she should do marketing to know this business saturated at this town or not?. It seems to me that this small town just needs some extra works in the peak seasons as summers and winters. Second, she should study to know her competitions and what she should do to compete with them in quality, prices, customer's relationship?. Third, from lack of marketing the potential need of customer; she set her goal is too high and spends too much energy to reach her target. * What should she do now? Explain. I think she can have two choices: - First, if she wants to stay in Petosky; she should set her goal more reasonable. She can maintain her good work as quality and advertising; but she should have a more competing price with Mr. Bullard, builds up a strong relationship with customers. She will have a larger share with Mr. Bullard, and able to compete with him in the future. - Second, she should do marketing study at another town for these matters: Potential need of customer, price, service and quality of current competitions. She will carefully check her ability to compete with them; then based on those conclusions, she will choose a right place to move her business, and have a successful business. Marketing Essays - Business, Marketing, , Term Papers Marketing * Evaluate her strategy planning for her new business. >From her love to stay in Petosky; she started the carpet cleaning service by her saving money, and based on her experience when she worked part-time for Joel Bullard. Mr. Bullard has a very successful business at this small town, dominates this carpet cleaning service, and so far no one able to compete to him in quality, strong relationship with many loyalty clients. Jane Galloway try so hard in advertising, taking care of her customer's work but she still unable to reach her goal, $60,000/year. * Why was not she able to reach her goal of $60,000/year? The most important problem of Jane is she did not do any marketing research in potential need of customers, she tries to sell the service she has rather the customer need. First, she should do marketing to know this business saturated at this town or not?. It seems to me that this small town just needs some extra works in the peak seasons as summers and winters. Second, she should study to know her competitions and what she should do to compete with them in quality, prices, customer's relationship?. Third, from lack of marketing the potential need of customer; she set her goal is too high and spends too much energy to reach her target. * What should she do now? Explain. I think she can have two choices: - First, if she wants to stay in Petosky; she should set her goal more reasonable. She can maintain her good work as quality and advertising; but she should have a more competing price with Mr. Bullard, builds up a strong relationship with customers. She will have a larger share with Mr. Bullard, and able to compete with him in the future. - Second, she should do marketing study at another town for these matters: Potential need of customer, price, service and quality of current competitions. She will carefully check her ability to compete with them; then based on those conclusions, she will choose a right place to move her business, and have a successful business.

Bonkers and Remix Essays

Bonkers and Remix Essays Bonkers and Remix Essay Bonkers and Remix Essay Jingle Bell Rock 2. Armand Van Helden You dont know me (Dave Silcox Remix) 3. Showtek Justin Prime Cannonball 4. Kaskade Ft. Neon Trees Lessons in Love (Headhunterz remix) 5. Isaac DJ Ease My Mind 6. The Prodigy Smack my bitch up (Noisia Remix) 7. Alex Prospect Becci Like it loud (Gammer Alex Prospect remix) 8. N-Force Darren Styles Right by your side (Gammer remix) Scott Brown Definition of a Badboy (Cheever Remix) Compulsion Orbit 1 Got Any Rushins Hixxy Styles It aint hard to tell The Acolyte Electric Styles Breeze Elysium Plus Scott Brown Product of the Devil 2006 Sy Unknown Sky High (Technoboy Remix) DJ Zany 1. Cristian Marchi I Got My Eyes On You [DJ Chuckie Remix] 2. Afrojack feat. Gregor Salto Ill Be There [Original Mix] 3. Tiga You Gonna Want Me [Hey Today Remix] 4. Yolanda Be Cool DCup We No Speak Americano [Original Mix] 5. Yolanda Be Cool DCup We No Speak Americano [High Rankin Dubstep Remix] 6. Doctor P Sweet Shop [Original Mix] 7. Flux Pavilion Got 2 Know [Original Mix] 8. Nero -? Innocence [Original Mix] Intro Miles Dyson Hey Baby Deadmau5 feat. Melleefresh Reward is More Cheese Deadmau5 Riverside Sidney Samson Love is gone (Joachim Garraud Fred Rister remix) David Guetta Bounce (Bloody Beetroots Remix) MSTRKRFT l Kaskade feat. Haley Dynasty (Dada Life Remix) 4:54 Chuckie Cant Hear Anyboody Out There 7:22 No Comment! Sorry I Remember the song and? now that was 2010 I forgot the song 9:05 Afrojack Satisfaction (Afrojack Remix 10:33 Tiesto Comon 12:19 Afrojack Banduck 14:34 Skrillex Harstyle ft. Little Wolfers DJ Kid Medina Deadmau5 and Hardwell (Kid Medina Edit)

Motorsport Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Motorsport - Research Paper Example These affected the event’s continual management. Large-scale sports events need effective management to avoid potential visitor’s impact on the communities and environment that locals reside. The  influences  can  either  be  direct or indirect and can infiltrate the relations in the community. Large-scale events like those found in motorsports are commonly known to be carried out among communities so as to attain a greater good. Hence the economic and promotional benefits overshadow the negative effects on the community. The research aims at exploring the social impacts of the World Rally Championships (WRC) 2009, in the State of New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Kyogle Shire is one of the global locations for the World Rally Championships. The social impact study is a key aspect that forms a section of the triple bottom line approach that is desirable in the assessment of sporting events. After the realization of these negative impacts, governments, event managers, and community groups can appropriately minimize the negative impacts of future events. Further, they can leverage the benefits that are positive which are brought about to the community by events of this magnitude. The paper presents an examination of the social and cultural benefits and costs to a given rural community along the World Rally Community global route. Further, it proposes that social research for the future should be allowed in other locations of the events since cultural and social contexts and the physical environment whe re the event occurs differs significantly. The World Rally Championship is a motorsport event that is international. The Championship is staged yearly in twelve countries; it attracts approximately between eighty thousand and two hundred and ten thousand spectators to every single event (Hassan et al., 2009). The Championship being broadcasted in over two hundred and twenty-eight various countries

Glo-Bus Company Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Glo-Bus Company Analysis - Research Paper Example The Glo- Bus Company is a fully automated simulation where the team leaders are divided in teams to run a digital camera in a head to head competition with other companies. It competes globally with other companies. The major challenge for this company in trying to craft and execute a competitive strategy which will result into a respected brand image, keeping their company in contention for global market leadership, and producing financial performance. This is measured by its earnings per share, stock price appreciation, credit rating and return on equity investment and this calls for a proper strategy. The Glo-Bus application was an intriguing and challenging venture starting in the simulation where the team leaders were positioned well with good strategy and strengths in the first years. Despite the challenges in the first years, it struggled to adapt to the increasingly changing market conditions. Eventually, it gained an insight which would help in its future strategy formation and execution efforts (John, 1997). Strategy As a co-management team, a plan of attack was formulated quickly to enable the company compete effectively with its competitors. A plan conference was then decided upon with all the managers of distinguished image. The company felt that this would be its most convenient opportunity for its team leaders to talk over its strategies which would help them come up with a plan of attack. This conference led to the birth of the company’s vision statement and I quote, â€Å"Distinguished imaging strives to be the global market leader in reliable technological and advanced digital cameras. We are focused on customer satisfaction on quality technological products and seeking to be the number one in the digital imaging technology† (John, 1997). By having this vision statement put in place, the team leaders worked with the notion of being unified in to a cohesive and coordinated effort. From a strategic perspective, they decided to offer quality products at a cheaper cost unlike th e other companies. Its major goal was to use the best cost provider strategy in providing good to excellent product qualities but at a cheaper cost. This strategy has enabled the company compete with Beacon camera and Capture camera respectively in the sixth year. Its goal was to offer a quality entry level camera at a cheaper cost plus a higher quality multi feature camera at a reasonable price. This was only during that year alone but in the next year, the company would adapt a new strategy which included a combination of focused market niche differentiation and low cost strategy to be applied (John, 1997). Strength One of the quickest ways in trying to achieve the best cost strategy was to invest in a high quality workforce and major on the employee output. This was coupled with paying their employees at the high end of the pay scale and rewarding them in exchange for reaching a higher level of output. This was because with a higher input, it would definitely lead to improved pro duct production and quality. Unlike its competitors, this would definitely be a plus to them hence compete effectively as can be seen in year seven. As a result of this logic, the company did not invest in the first three years in warranty periods as it expected the quality of the products to maintain lower quality claims. Therefore, in hindsight, the company might have missed a great opportunity in offering an extensive warranty programs at a lower claim rate due to the quality products. As a result of this, a corporate citizenship program was implemented by increasing the employee conditions and the community efforts in the following years respectively (Jennifer, 2000). As part of the initial product strategy, focus was on offering a strong number of camera models and concentration was initially on developing features of entry level cameras. This was definitely to offer a strong market share. A decision was made not to enter the multi feature

The Challenges of Internet Technology in the Area of Marketing Research Paper

The Challenges of Internet Technology in the Area of Marketing - Research Paper Example ytical Approach The analysis regarding the challenges of internet technology in the marketing field can be analyzed by collecting information related to it. The internet technology faces continuous challenges while marketing the products or services. These challenges arise due to certain disadvantages of internet technology and constant competition from the online competitors. At times, it has been observed that the marketers advertise the products in certain undesirable sites, thus the consumers of internet marketing faces dilemma while handling certain complicated or untrustworthy sites. As a result, the entire marketing campaign gets affected with this issue. The internet technology may not allow the customers to touch and try the products before purchasing. They can only purchase it based on the advertisement and service from the marketers. For that reason, the technology is still struggling to convince customers regarding the product purchase. Along with the technology, it is al so a great challenge for the marketers to influence the customers without verbal communication (Affiliate Idol, 2010). The other challenge that is faced by the marketers while utilizing internet as their tool for marketing is poor communication with the customers. The contact between marketing personnel and customers exists for the time being i.e. during sales period but after that period the contact gets closed. The technology though brings benefits to the customers, it becomes outdated rapidly, and therefore regular updates are essential. The poor navigation also has a negative impact in conducting any process through internet marketing. The marketers’ data may also get misplaced while conducting any operation through internet. As a result, it leads to threat for the marketers from... This essay approves that discrimination exists in segmentation of marketing through internet technology. This type of discrimination brings negative impression for marketers. The marketers who use internet technology for their advertisement of the products provide importance to high rank consumers. The poorer consumers are incapable to access the advertising by means of internet technology. The two-way communication is absent in this technology. This paper makes a conclusion that with reference to the above discussion, it can be concluded that internet technology faces huge challenges in order to meet the purpose of marketing. There are several issues that are raised in relation to internet technology. The technology has brought negative impact on both marketers as well as customers. The marketers faced dilemma while making advertising campaign because there is a chance to be imitated from the competitors. The customers also faced other issues such as online purchase and fear from the payment through credit cards. These challenges will continue unless the marketers remain cautious regarding the internet technology while marketing the products. The technology is beneficial for everyone; however it needs to be used accurately so that it does not get distorted. Improper utilization of internet has led to various challenges. This technology is more advantageous for marketing purpose in comparison to traditional marketing. This t ype of technology is high on demand in present scenario, thus accurate handling of it brings several benefits for marketers in various ways. Therefore, proper handling of the technology will provide benefits to both customers and marketers.

Capital Punishment Inhumane Immoral Politics Essay

Capital Punishment Inhumane Immoral Politics Essay Capital punishment is defined as execution as a punishment for a person convicted of committing a crime. This form of punishment is usually perceived in the United States as being reserved for crimes such as aggravated murder, felony murder, and contract killing, but in reality the application of capital punishment varies widely. When you look at the world, capital punishment is imposed for a wide array of crimes, such as espionage, treason, as part of military justice, sexual crimes (such as rape, adultery, incest and sodomy), religious crimes such as the formal renunciation of the State religion in Islamic nations, drug trafficking, human trafficking, serious cases of corruption, and in militaries around the world, court martials have imposed death sentences for offenses such as cowardice, desertion, insubordination, and mutiny. (Wikipedia.org) It is therefore not surprising that capital punishment has a huge following of supporters both for and against it. Those against it usually center their arguments on the morality of capital punishment. Through my ethics class, I have learned that the best way to evaluate morality is to look at three things: the motivation, the act itself, and the consequences. For capital punishment the motivations are punishment, retribution, and deterrence. The act itself varies, but can be such things as lethal injection, electrocution, and hanging; and of course the consequence is death. Death is by inhumane methods and not only affect the prisoner who is losing his life, but also the person performing the execution. Although capital punishment is legal in many countries and parts of the United States, I seek to prove that it is an inhumane and immoral form of punishment, whose detrimental effects well outweigh the benefits. In order to prove that capital punishment is inhumane, it is necessary to look at the history of capital punishment. The execution of criminals and political opponents has been used by nearly all societies-both to punish crime and to suppress political dissent. The use of formal execution extends to the beginning of recorded history. Most historical records and various primitive tribal practices indicate that the death penalty was a part of their justice system. Historical forms of capital punishment were often extremely violent and repulsing. Some examples of this are: quartering (as seen in The Song of Roland), being devoured by animals, boiling to death, being buried alive, burning (as was done to suspected witches), crucifixion, crushing, decapitation, dismemberment, drowning (like in the mafia movies), and stoning (as seen in the Bible). I list all these horrific methods of punishment by death to juxtapose them with the modern, more humane forms of capital punishment. In the recent history of the United States, capital punishment has existed in the form of hanging, electrocution, and lethal injection. Electrocution and lethal injection still exists to this day. It is true that these modern methods are more acceptable than those used by ancient people, and even some other modern societies but all the current methods are far from humane. For example, electrocution is inhumane because it is extremely painful until the prisoner becomes unconscious and brain death occurs. Anyone who knows how painful it feels to bump into an electric fence would not want to endure death by electrocution. There have even been occasions where the electric chair has malfunctioned, which could prolong suffering. The electric chair should not be considered as a humane method of capital punishment in modern society. Another modern method of capital punishment is lethal injection. Lethal injection was introduced in Oklahoma by Reverend Bill Wiseman in 1977, but the process was originally conceived by state medical examiner, Jay Chapman, and was approved by anesthesiologist Stanley Deutsch. Texas was the first state to use it. It has since been adopted by The Peoples Republic of China, which began using this method in 1997, Guatemala in 1998, the Philippines in 1999, Thailand in 2003, Taiwan in 2005, and in all but 17 states in the United States. Lethal injection uses a combination of three drugs to kill the prisoner: sodium thiopental to induce unconsciousness, pancuronium bromide to cause muscle paralysis and respiratory arrest, and potassium chloride to stop the heart. This is a very humane method of execution compared to all the others; however, it is unclear as to whether the drug sodium thiopental is efficient in maintaining unconsciousness, since it does not do so when used for surgery. Als o, a study done by the University of Miami and published in the medical journal, The Lancer, shows that many of the people performing the lethal injection have no anesthesia training; that the drugs were administered remotely with no monitoring for anesthesia; and that the data was not recorded and no peer review was done. So it is unclear as to whether the prisoners were being executed humanely or if they were in excruciating pain. This form of capital punishment is viewed as the most humane, but in reality it is inhumane just like electrocution. Having discussed the inhumane nature of capital punishment both historically and currently, what are the major arguments in support of it? The Supreme Court of the United States provided two reasons for capital punishment: retribution and deterrence. These are the main reasons that people support it. Many people feel that the punishment should fit the crime. So capital punishment should be the most fitting sentence for the most heinous of crimes. In the same way, capital punishment as a deterrence is supported because it prevents future heinous acts from being committed. This makes people feel safe. Deterrence cannot be effectively accomplished by the alternative to capital punishment, life in prison without the possibility of parole, because it would still be possible for the prisoners to commit crimes, either while in jail against other prisoners or guards, or by escaping from prison. Therefore, capital punishment is accepted as the best form of deterrence. It also gives the victim s family closure knowing the criminal is no longer around to do anyone harm. There are strong arguments opposing capital punishment. Some people feel that it is more of a punishment to make the criminals live in prison, incarcerated for the rest of their lives, rather than having a short life in prison. They believe that prison life would continually punish a criminal for years and years, with death as the only release. These opponents of capital punishment believe that the same objectives would be met by life in prison: deterrence, retribution, and closure. Unlike this closure, the closure received from capital punishment, can be delayed for a very long time due to the built in appeal system under capital punishment. The appeal process also causes the cost of executing a prisoner to skyrocket in relation to the cost of keeping him in prison for life. If we look as California for example, in June 2008, the California Commission on the Fair Administration of Justice found that California annually spends approximately $137.7 million dollars on the death penalty . By replacing the death penalty with permanent imprisonment, the Commission noted that the state could save in excess of $125 million per year. (Deathpenalty.org) The high cost and long appeal system have caused many pro-capital punishment judges to change their minds. One judge, Judge Kozinsi, gave a speech in which he noted that the number of executions compared to the number of people who have been sentenced to death is minuscule and concluded that whatever purposes the death penalty is said to serve deterrence, retribution, assuaging the pain suffered by victims families those purposes are not served by the system as it now operates. Judge Kozinski added that the costs of death penalty prosecutions far outweighed the results, and that because of the proliferation of such prosecutions there would have to be one execution every day for the next 26 years to handle the volume. He recommended that death penalty prosecutions should only be brought against the most depraved killers. (talkleft.com) Ultimately, the most important argument against capital punishment is that it is immoral. No matter how you look at it, capital punishment is killing, and murder is always wrong! A further look at the morality of capital punishment is needed, because although murder is deemed a moral absolute, this is not always the case. Depending on what form of morality you believe in, murder can sometimes be deemed moral. In ethics class, we looked at five main types of ethical theories. Four of the theories are flawed: utilitarianism, Kantianism (deontology), egoism, relativism, and the fifth, virtue ethics, is not. Let us now examine each theorys view of capital punishment. The utilitarianism theory would view capital punishment as moral. This is because utilitarianism looks at what would make the most people happy. Utilitarianism was founded by Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. It is a consequentialistic theory of morality. This means that it is only concerned with the consequences of an act. Moreover, utilitarianism is concerned solely with what increases the overall utility, happiness, of a society. This blind concern for consequences and ignoring the minority view is what makes utilitarianism a flawed theory. Therefore, although the consequence of capital punishment is the killing of prisoners, utilitarianism would view this to be moral since it helps society increase their overall happiness. By killing the prisoners the victims family would be happy at the justice being dispensed, and the rest of society would be happy because they would feel safer knowing that the prisoner can never escape and harm them or their families. The utilitarian view d oes allow for life imprisonment as a viable alternative to capital punishment, since the prisoner is still being punished and will not be able to cause the overall happiness of society to diminish. The second theory of ethics is Kantianism also called Deontology. Kantianism views capital punishment as being immoral. Deontology is an ethical theory, founded by Immanuel Kant, that focuses on the rightness or wrongness of intentions or motives behind action such as respect for rights, duties, or principles, as opposed to the rightness or wrongness of the consequences of those actions. It is sometimes described as duty based ethics, because deontologists believe that ethical rules are bound by duty. This theory is flawed because it only looks at intentions and not the act or consequences. Many times good intention can have unintentional bad consequences and vice versa. This is called the double effect principle. Deontologist view capital punishment as being wrong by its nature, a violation of the right to life, which is a universal law for them. They also look at the inhumane ways that capital punishment is carried out. An argument that they make against capital punishment is that by killing the prisoner, it causes the prisoners family and friends to become victims themselves. On the other hand, Deontologists can view capital punishment as moral by saying that it is only natural for the families of the victims to seek retribution for the loss of life, that the punishment fits the crime. The belief is that without proper retribution, the judicial system further brutalizes the victim or victims family and friends, which amounts to secondary victimization. In the context of deontology, life imprisonment cannot be used as a substitute for the death penalty, since any length of incarceration is a violation of the right to liberty. In deontological terms, nothing is gained by substituting the violation of one type of right (the right to life) with that of another (the right to liberty). From the egoism perspective, capital punishment may be viewed as moral. Egoism states that all individual conduct has a motivation. This primary motivation is self-interest. By this theory, everything is fair game. Egoism looks at the motivation as the sole determinate for morality. In egoism, an act is moral if the motivation is for ones own self-interest. That is why it is a flawed theory of ethics. The individual who commits the crime does so out of self-interest, even if it merits capital punishment. I believe that egoism would say that since one person can act out of self-interest and take away the life of another, then equally capital punishment should be an acceptable response. Egoism would also allow for life imprisonment to be an alternative for capital punishment. The final flawed theory of ethics is relativism. Relativism believes that capital punishment is both moral and immoral. Moral relativism is an extreme form of Individualism. Individualism is the belief that all actions are determined by, or at least take place for, the benefit of the individual, not of society as a whole. Moral relativism can also be view as a form of Solipsism, the theory that only the self exists, or can be proved to exist. Relativism does not only have to apply to an individual but it can be a cultural relativism, in which the moral beliefs of a culture is deemed to be correct. If two cultures or peoples beliefs are in direct contradiction, then moral relativism would state that both beliefs are correct. This would make it impossible for anything to be immoral. Therefore, the morality of capital punishment to a relativist depends on who is being asked. Virtue Ethics is the only non-flawed theory of ethics and was founded by Aristotle. One way of looking at capital punishment through Aristotles eyes is to apply Teleology to the issue. Teleology means the end of the process. The end to capital punishment is to put to death the person guilty of the crime. Capital punishment is intended to punish a person by taking his or her life. But there can be a second interpretation of the ethical issue of capital punishment and that is that the end of capital punishment is the prevention of a crime in the first place. Thus according to teleology, capital punishment could be considered to have two different ends. However, this is not the complete picture. Virtue ethics uses the motivation, the act itself, and the consequences to decide morality. I believe that virtue ethics would ultimately find capital punishment to be immoral. The motivations of capital punishment are punishment, retribution, and deterrence. The first and last motives are posit ive ones, and the second is not. The act varies, but can be things such as lethal injection, electrocution, and hanging. The act of killing is a universal law and is always wrong. The consequence of capital punishment, death, does not only affect the prisoner who is losing their life, but also the person performing the execution. The consequences can also be viewed as wrong because it harms people. Since all three criteria combined is wrong, the act is immoral. But this is still not the whole answer. Thomas Aquinas came after Aristotle and revamped virtue ethics. Aquinas believed that although there were moral absolutes and universal laws, it is dangerous to apply it to everyone indiscriminately. He believed that exceptions to all rules are needed since people live in very different conditions. Through this theory, one could argue that the death penalty is immoral but there can be circumstances in which capital punishment is moral. Therefore it is clear that one could reach different conclusions when determining the morality of capital punishment using the five different theories of ethics. Yet a strong case can be made that it is immoral because the motivations (punishment or revenge) the act itself (killing the person by electrocution, lethal injection, or any other way) and the consequences (death of the prisoner, the pain and suffering of the prisoners family, and the psychological effects to the executioner) are all immoral. In conclusion capital punishment is an inhumane form of punishment that has been around for a very long time and should be abolished in these modern times. The execution of a person is cruel, and even lethal injection has not been proven to be painless. Although there are good arguments both for and against capital punishment, the arguments against it whether financial, moral, or other, far outweigh the arguments for it. My personal opinion of the capital punishment is that it is a jus t punishment for the crime committed but should be banned because it is immoral and life in prison offers an alternative punishment that can obtain the same goals. There are also financial ramifications. I believe that the prisoners who are sentenced to death row belong there. In many cases, the way that they are executed is way more humane than how they murdered their victims. It is unfortunate that the process takes so long. As a result, many of the prisoners on death row die of natural causes before their execution date. The prisoners are often kept too comfortable while waiting for their executions. For example, the prisoners have televisions in their cells, and are kept away from other prisoners who may want to bother them. Some prisons even allow the death row inmates to keep cats as pets, and in others, the inmates eat so well that they become obese and are then not allowed to be executed because the lethal injection or electric chair protocols are not equipped for people of their size. Finally I believe capital punishment should be banned because of the cost. I do not think it is right or fair to pump so much money into executing a prisoner.

adolescent depression Essay -- essays research papers

Depression is a disease that afflicts the human psyche in such a way that the afflicted tend to act and react abnormally toward others and themselves. Adolescent depression is greatly under diagnosed, and leads to serious difficulties in school, and personal adjustment. The reason why depression is often overlooked in children is because children are not always able to express how they feel. Therefore, teachers should be trained in dealing with depressed youths, and to advise the parents of the child to seek professional treatment. School is the place where children spend most of their waking hours learning, socializing, and growing. A child needs to be mentally healthy in order to learn properly, and sometimes problems arise at home, with friends, or with themselves. These problems need to be noticed, and talked about. Teachers have to pay attention to adolescents’ behavioral patterns, and work with the child on a one to one basis. The child can then open up and talk freely with the teacher about anything that is on their mind. Learning disabilities or conduct disorder can put a child in greater risk of depression. Therefore, treating one problem and ignoring the other will not help the child overcome their difficulties (Fassler 63). Family must also play a major role in helping their depressed adolescent. Until the last decade, the commonly held view has been that depression affected persons in their middle years, and did not occur in childhood or adolescence. A lot has changed in the past decade. Due to systematic followup studies of children under treatment, and depressed parents, the onset of depression occurs during adolescence, and must be treated during adolescence (Weissman 210). Depression has a wide range of symptoms, from being sad or mad to withdrawal from others, or lashing out at others. Symptoms of youth depression are often masked. Instead of expressing sadness, teenagers may express boredom and irritability, or may choose to engage in risky behaviors. Other emotional problems make it hard to recognize depression in a child, but usually overlap with depression. Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD), is a neurochemical problem which makes it difficult for a child to pay attention or focus. These children are very fidgety, have trouble sitting still, and may interrupt others. New research suggests that out of 1,700 adolescents with this d... ...ants work by allowing certain neurotransmitters to accumulate in the central nervous system. They are given to elevate mood, counter suicidal thoughts, and increase the effectiveness of psychotherapy (Weissman 195). Prescribing antidepressants to the young raises thorny issues. There is not an objective test for depression, forcing parents and physicians to decide whether a child is clinically depressed or simply riding the roller coaster emotions of growing up. Critics worry about aggressive marketing tactics and consequent overuse. Antidepressants often are used daily for many years, yet researchers haven’t conducted long term studies to see how the chemicals affect still growing bodies. Within ten years, doctors are reaching for the ability to pinpoint the causes of distress, make treatments more specific, hopefully to the point of where the first episode of depression in kids can be pointed out and treated (Koch 608). Until we have more research to prove the safeness of antidepressants among growing children, and more ideas of htow our brain actually works, the best we as a society can do is educate our children through resilliance to help depressed kids the best way we can.